Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are major complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. DN and DR\nare mainly caused by injury to the perivascular supporting cells, the mesangial cells within the glomerulus, and the pericytes\nin the retina. The genes and molecular mechanisms predisposing retinal and glomerular pericytes to diabetic injury are poorly\ncharacterized. In this study, the genetic deletion of proteasome activator genes, PA28
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